EPS-TOPIK Chapter 12-1 Grammar : Means of Transportation

Chapter 12-1

Noun + (으)로 (Means)

How You Get There (Kung Paano Ka Pumunta)

🛑 WAIT! Grammar is way easier once you know the words — if you haven’t studied Chapter 12-1 Vocabulary (Transportation) yet, go memorize them first! Today we’ll learn (으)로, how to say WHICH transportation you’re using.

🇵🇭 Teka muna! Mas madali ang grammar kapag alam mo na ang mga salita — kung hindi mo pa naaral ang Chapter 12-1 Vocabulary (Transportation), i-memorize muna ito! Ngayon, aralin natin ang (으)로, kung paano sasabihin kung ANONG sasakyan ang ginagamit mo.

👉 Go to Vocabulary Ch 12-1 First

📌 1. What is (으)로?

(으)로 combines with a noun to show the means or method of an action — like the tool, vehicle, or material used.
🇵🇭 Idinidikit ang (으)로 sa isang pangngalan upang ipakita ang paraan o pamamaraan ng isang kilos — tulad ng gamit, sasakyan, o materyales.

[Basic pattern]
✅ Noun WITH a Final Consonant (받침 O) 👉 + 으로 (e.g., 트럭 → 트럭으로)
✅ Noun WITHOUT a Final Consonant, or 받침 ‘ㄹ’ 👉 + 로 (e.g., 기차 → 기차로, 지하철 → 지하철로)

💡 TIP: ~에서 ~까지
Combine with place nouns to show a starting point and a destination — super useful for asking about travel time!
🇵🇭 Isamahan ang mga pangngalan ng lugar upang ipakita ang simulan at destinasyon — sobrang kapaki-pakinabang kapag nagtatanong tungkol sa oras ng biyahe!
Example: 가: 여기에서 약국까지 얼마나 걸려요? 나: 15분쯤 걸려요. (How long from here to the pharmacy? / About 15 minutes.)

📖 2. Example Sentences

Korean	Meaning (English / Tagalog)
여기까지 마을버스로 왔어요.	🇺🇸 I came here by village bus. 🇵🇭 Sumakay ako ng village bus papunta dito.
회사에 지하철로 가요.	🇺🇸 I go to work by subway. 🇵🇭 Sumasakay ako ng subway papunta sa trabaho.
가: 한국에서 중국까지 어떻게 갔어요? 나: 배로 갔어요.	🇺🇸 A: How did you go from Korea to China? B: By ship. 🇵🇭 Paano ka pumunta mula Korea papuntang China? / Sumakay ako ng barko.
서울에서 부산까지 KTX로 2시간 40분 걸려요.	🇺🇸 From Seoul to Busan takes 2 hours 40 minutes by KTX. 🇵🇭 Mula Seoul papuntang Busan, 2 oras 40 minuto sa pamamagitan ng KTX.

💡 Quick tip: Batchim rule again — but watch the special case: 받침 ‘ㄹ’ also uses 로 (not 으로), just like 지하철로. Group ㄹ with the “no batchim” group here!

🎧 Final Step: Practice the Real Sound with Nova Player!

Learn with your ears, NOT your eyes! Listen and repeat again and again until it feels natural to you! 👇

👉 [VOCA] Ch 12-1
👉 [GRAMMAR] Ch 12-2
👉 [CONVERSATION] Ch 12-1

Source: HRD Korea Standard Textbook for EPS-TOPIK, rearranged by Teacher Nova for easier learning.
Pinagmulan: HRD Korea Standard Textbook para sa EPS-TOPIK, inayos ni Teacher Nova para sa mas madaling pag-aaral.