EPS-TOPIK Chapter 21-1 Grammar – Talking About Conditions (If/When) in Korean | Teacher Nova

[Grammar] EPS-TOPIK Chapter 21-1 : Talking About Conditions (If/When) (-(으)면)

작성자:

Chapter 21-1

Verb/Adj. Stem + -(으)면

“If…” (Kung)

🛑 WAIT! Grammar is way easier once you know the words — if you haven’t studied Chapter 21-1 Vocabulary (Hospital Registration) yet, go memorize them first! Today we’ll learn -(으)면, how to say “if” something happens.

🇵🇭 Teka muna! Mas madali ang grammar kapag alam mo na ang mga salita — kung hindi mo pa naaral ang Chapter 21-1 Vocabulary (Hospital Registration), i-memorize muna ito! Ngayon, aralin natin ang -(으)면, kung paano sabihing “kung” mangyayari ang isang bagay.

👉 Go to Vocabulary Ch 21-1 First

📌 1. What is -(으)면?

-(으)면 is attached to verbs and adjectives to show that the first part of the sentence is a CONDITION or assumption for the second part.
🇵🇭 Idinidikit ang -(으)면 sa mga pandiwa at pang-uri upang ipakita na ang unang bahagi ng pangungusap ay isang KONDISYON o pag-aakala para sa pangalawang bahagi.

[Basic pattern]
✅ Verb/Adj. stem WITH a Final Consonant (받침 O) 👉 + -으면 (e.g., 먹다 → 먹으면)
✅ Verb/Adj. stem WITHOUT a Final Consonant, or 받침 ‘ㄹ’ 👉 + -면 (e.g., 아프다 → 아프면, 살다 → 살면)
💡 Remember: “Stem” means removing -다 first! Full explanation in Chapter 4-1.
🇵🇭 Tandaan: tinatanggal muna ang -다 para makuha ang “stem”! Buong paliwanag sa Chapter 4-1.

📖 2. Example Sentences

Korean Meaning (English / Tagalog)
시간이 있으면 공원에서 축구해요. 🇺🇸 If I have time, I play soccer at the park.
🇵🇭 Kung may oras ako, naglalaro ako ng soccer sa parke.
아지자 씨 전화번호를 알면 가르쳐 주세요. 🇺🇸 If you know Aziza’s phone number, please tell me.
🇵🇭 Kung alam mo ang numero ni Aziza, sabihin mo sa akin.
가: 처음 병원에 가면 뭘 해야 돼요? 나: 접수부터 하세요. 🇺🇸 A: If it’s your first time at a hospital, what should you do? B: Register first.
🇵🇭 Kung unang beses mo pumunta sa ospital, ano ang dapat gawin? / Mag-register muna.
가: 한국에 가면 뭘 하고 싶어요? 나: 한국 회사에서 일하고 싶어요. 🇺🇸 A: If you go to Korea, what do you want to do? B: I want to work at a Korean company.
🇵🇭 Kung pupunta ka sa Korea, ano ang gusto mong gawin? / Gusto kong magtrabaho sa Korean company.
💡 Quick tip: Batchim rule you know! (Batchim O = 으면, Batchim X/ㄹ = 면). Very useful going forward — Chapters 21-25 are all about “survival Korean” (hospital, pharmacy, post office, bank), and -(으)면 shows up constantly there.

🎧 Final Step: Practice the Real Sound with Nova Player!

Learn with your ears, NOT your eyes! Listen and repeat again and again until it feels natural to you! 👇

👉 [VOCA] Ch 21-1
👉 [GRAMMAR] Ch 21-2
👉 [CONVERSATION] Ch 21-1

Source: HRD Korea Standard Textbook for EPS-TOPIK, rearranged by Teacher Nova for easier learning.
Pinagmulan: HRD Korea Standard Textbook para sa EPS-TOPIK, inayos ni Teacher Nova para sa mas madaling pag-aaral.