EPS-TOPIK Chapter 15-1 Grammar : Describing What Someone Is Wearing

Chapter 15-1

Verb Stem + -고 있다 (State)

Wearing / Holding Right Now (Suot / Hawak Ngayon)

🛑 WAIT! Grammar is way easier once you know the words — if you haven’t studied Chapter 15-1 Vocabulary (Clothes & Accessories) yet, go memorize them first! Today we’ll learn -고 있다, how to describe what someone is WEARING right now.

🇵🇭 Teka muna! Mas madali ang grammar kapag alam mo na ang mga salita — kung hindi mo pa naaral ang Chapter 15-1 Vocabulary (Clothes & Accessories), i-memorize muna ito! Ngayon, aralin natin ang -고 있다, kung paano ilarawan kung ano ang SUOT ng isang tao ngayon.

👉 Go to Vocabulary Ch 15-1 First

📌 1. What is -고 있다 (State)?

With a small group of verbs — 입다(wear), 신다(wear shoes), 쓰다(wear on head), 들다(hold), 타다(ride), and more — -고 있다 shows that the RESULT of the action is still continuing.
🇵🇭 Sa isang maliit na grupo ng mga pandiwa — 입다, 신다, 쓰다, 들다, 타다, at iba pa — ipinapakita ng -고 있다 na ang RESULTA ng kilos ay patuloy pa rin.

[Basic pattern] Verb stem + -고 있다

This simply means: “[Someone] is wearing/holding [something] (right now).”

💡 TIP: The honorific version
Remember -(으)시- from Chapter 8-1? When talking about someone you respect, use -고 계시다 instead of -고 있다.
🇵🇭 Naaalala mo ba ang -(으)시- sa Chapter 8-1? Kapag pinag-uusapan mo ang isang taong iginagalang mo, gamitin ang -고 계시다 sa halip na -고 있다.
Example: 할머니께서 안경을 쓰고 계세요. (Grandmother is wearing glasses.)

💡 Remember: “Stem” means removing -다 first! Full explanation in Chapter 4-1.
🇵🇭 Tandaan: tinatanggal muna ang -다 para makuha ang “stem”! Buong paliwanag sa Chapter 4-1.

📖 2. Example Sentences

Korean	Meaning (English / Tagalog)
바지를 입고 있어요.	🇺🇸 (He/She) is wearing pants. 🇵🇭 Nakasuot siya ng pantalon.
안경을 쓰고 있어요.	🇺🇸 (He/She) is wearing glasses. 🇵🇭 May suot siyang salamin.
운동화를 신고 있어요.	🇺🇸 (He/She) is wearing sneakers. 🇵🇭 May suot siyang sneakers.
가: 프엉 씨가 모자를 쓰고 있어요? 나: 아니요, 선글라스를 쓰고 있어요.	🇺🇸 A: Is Pheung wearing a hat? B: No, she’s wearing sunglasses. 🇵🇭 May suot bang sombrero si Pheung? / Wala, sunglasses ang suot niya.

💡 Quick tip: This is a SPECIAL use of -고 있다 — you’ll also see -고 있다 used for “currently doing an action” (like 20-1 coming up). This chapter’s meaning is specifically about clothes/accessories staying “on” after putting them on.

🎧 Final Step: Practice the Real Sound with Nova Player!

Learn with your ears, NOT your eyes! Listen and repeat again and again until it feels natural to you! 👇

👉 [VOCA] Ch 15-1
👉 [GRAMMAR] Ch 15-2
👉 [CONVERSATION] Ch 15-1

Source: HRD Korea Standard Textbook for EPS-TOPIK, rearranged by Teacher Nova for easier learning.
Pinagmulan: HRD Korea Standard Textbook para sa EPS-TOPIK, inayos ni Teacher Nova para sa mas madaling pag-aaral.