EPS-TOPIK Chapter 22-1 Grammar : Giving a Reason (Because)

Chapter 22-1

Verb/Adj. Stem + -(으)니까

Reason That Allows Commands (Dahilan na Puwedeng Sundan ng Utos)

🛑 WAIT! Grammar is way easier once you know the words — if you haven’t studied Chapter 22-1 Vocabulary (Symptoms) yet, go memorize them first! Today we’ll learn -(으)니까, the reason-word we promised back in Chapter 12-2.

🇵🇭 Teka muna! Mas madali ang grammar kapag alam mo na ang mga salita — kung hindi mo pa naaral ang Chapter 22-1 Vocabulary (Symptoms), i-memorize muna ito! Ngayon, aralin natin ang -(으)니까, ang salitang pangdahilan na ipinangako namin sa Chapter 12-2.

👉 Go to Vocabulary Ch 22-1 First

📌 1. What is -(으)니까?

-(으)니까 is attached to verbs and adjectives to show that the first part of the sentence is the reason or basis for the second part.
🇵🇭 Idinidikit ang -(으)니까 sa mga pandiwa at pang-uri upang ipakita na ang unang bahagi ng pangungusap ang dahilan o batayan ng pangalawang bahagi.

[Basic pattern]
✅ Verb/Adj. stem WITH a Final Consonant (받침 O) 👉 + -으니까 (e.g., 먹다 → 먹으니까)
✅ Verb/Adj. stem WITHOUT a Final Consonant, or 받침 ‘ㄹ’ 👉 + -니까 (e.g., 가다 → 가니까, 만들다 → 만드니까)

💡 TIP: The one thing -아서/어서 can’t do
Remember -아서/어서 (Chapter 12-2)? It can NEVER be followed by a command or suggestion. -(으)니까 CAN — that’s the whole reason it exists!
🇵🇭 Naaalala mo ba ang -아서/어서 (Chapter 12-2)? HINDI ito puwedeng sundan ng utos o mungkahi. Ang -(으)니까 ay PUWEDE — iyan ang buong dahilan kung bakit ito umiiral!
✅ 감기약은 편의점에서도 파니까 편의점에 가 보세요. (command) ❌ 감기약은 편의점에서도 팔아서 편의점에 가 보세요.

💡 Remember: “Stem” means removing -다 first! Full explanation in Chapter 4-1.
🇵🇭 Tandaan: tinatanggal muna ang -다 para makuha ang “stem”! Buong paliwanag sa Chapter 4-1.

📖 2. Example Sentences

Korean	Meaning (English / Tagalog)
열이 많이 나니까 기숙사에서 쉬세요.	🇺🇸 Since you have a high fever, rest at the dorm. 🇵🇭 May lagnat ka, kaya magpahinga ka sa dorm.
오늘은 피곤하니까 내일 만날까요?	🇺🇸 Since I’m tired today, shall we meet tomorrow? 🇵🇭 Pagod ako ngayon, magkita ba tayo bukas?
가: 머리가 너무 아파요. 나: 비상약이 있으니까 먹고 좀 쉬세요.	🇺🇸 A: My head hurts a lot. B: There’s medicine, so take it and rest. 🇵🇭 Sobrang sakit ng ulo ko. / May gamot, kaya inom ka at magpahinga.
그 옷을 입으니까 멋있어요.	🇺🇸 That outfit looks great on you. 🇵🇭 Ang ganda ng suot mong damit.

💡 Quick tip: Simple test: is a command, suggestion, or request coming after the reason? Use -(으)니까. Just describing something that already happened? Either works, but -아서/어서 is more common in that case.

🎧 Final Step: Practice the Real Sound with Nova Player!

Learn with your ears, NOT your eyes! Listen and repeat again and again until it feels natural to you! 👇

👉 [VOCA] Ch 22-1
👉 [GRAMMAR] Ch 22-2
👉 [CONVERSATION] Ch 22-1

Source: HRD Korea Standard Textbook for EPS-TOPIK, rearranged by Teacher Nova for easier learning.
Pinagmulan: HRD Korea Standard Textbook para sa EPS-TOPIK, inayos ni Teacher Nova para sa mas madaling pag-aaral.