EPS-TOPIK Chapter 20-1 Grammar – Describing an Action In Progress in Korean | Teacher Nova

[Grammar] EPS-TOPIK Chapter 20-1 : Describing an Action In Progress (-고 있다)

작성자:

Chapter 20-1

Verb Stem + -고 있다 (Progressive)

Happening Right Now (Nangyayari Ngayon)

🛑 WAIT! Grammar is way easier once you know the words — if you haven’t studied Chapter 20-1 Vocabulary (Internet) yet, go memorize them first! Today we’ll learn -고 있다 again — this time for actions happening right now.

🇵🇭 Teka muna! Mas madali ang grammar kapag alam mo na ang mga salita — kung hindi mo pa naaral ang Chapter 20-1 Vocabulary (Internet), i-memorize muna ito! Ngayon, aralin natin ulit ang -고 있다 — sa pagkakataong ito para sa mga kilos na nangyayari ngayon.

👉 Go to Vocabulary Ch 20-1 First

📌 1. What is -고 있다 (Progressive)?

-고 있다 is attached to a verb to show that an action is IN PROGRESS or continuing right now.
🇵🇭 Idinidikit ang -고 있다 sa isang pandiwa upang ipakita na PATULOY o nagpapatuloy ang isang kilos ngayon.

[Basic pattern] Verb stem + -고 있다

This simply means: “[Someone] is [verb]-ing (right now).”

💡 TIP: Same grammar, different meaning than Ch 15-1!
Back in Chapter 15-1, -고 있다 was about clothes STAYING on. Here, it’s the more common meaning — an action happening RIGHT NOW. It can even mean a repeated habit over time!
🇵🇭 Sa Chapter 15-1, ang -고 있다 ay tungkol sa damit na NAKASUOT pa rin. Dito naman, ito ang mas karaniwang kahulugan — isang kilos na nangyayari NGAYON. Maaari pa nga itong mangahulugan ng paulit-ulit na gawain sa paglipas ng panahon!
Example: 동생은 학교에 다니고 있어요. (My younger sibling is attending school. — an ongoing routine)
💡 Remember: “Stem” means removing -다 first! Full explanation in Chapter 4-1.
🇵🇭 Tandaan: tinatanggal muna ang -다 para makuha ang “stem”! Buong paliwanag sa Chapter 4-1.

📖 2. Example Sentences

Korean Meaning (English / Tagalog)
마두 씨가 식당에서 점심을 먹고 있어요. 🇺🇸 Madhu is eating lunch at the restaurant.
🇵🇭 Kumakain ng tanghalian si Madhu sa restaurant.
유수프 씨는 지금 일하고 있어요. 🇺🇸 Yusuf is working right now.
🇵🇭 Nagtatrabaho ngayon si Yusuf.
가: 지금 뭐 하고 있어요? 나: 블로그에 글을 쓰고 있어요. 🇺🇸 A: What are you doing right now? B: I’m writing on a blog.
🇵🇭 Ano ang ginagawa mo ngayon? / Sumusulat ako sa blog.
가: 프엉 씨가 뭘 하고 있어요? 나: 화상 채팅을 하고 있어요. 🇺🇸 A: What is Pheung doing? B: She’s video chatting.
🇵🇭 Ano ang ginagawa ni Pheung? / Nag-vi-video chat siya.
💡 Quick tip: This is probably the most common way you’ll use -고 있다 — the classic “happening right now” meaning. No batchim rule needed, just attach to the stem!

🎧 Final Step: Practice the Real Sound with Nova Player!

Learn with your ears, NOT your eyes! Listen and repeat again and again until it feels natural to you! 👇

👉 [VOCA] Ch 20-1
👉 [GRAMMAR] Ch 20-2
👉 [CONVERSATION] Ch 20-1

Source: HRD Korea Standard Textbook for EPS-TOPIK, rearranged by Teacher Nova for easier learning.
Pinagmulan: HRD Korea Standard Textbook para sa EPS-TOPIK, inayos ni Teacher Nova para sa mas madaling pag-aaral.